Does thinner mean mentally sharper? Researchers at Ohio State University think it may, at least when the alternative is obesity. The scientists studied 150 participants (109 bariatric surgery patients and 41 obese control subjects) at Cornell Medical College and Weill Columbia University Medical Center, both in New York City, and the Neuropsychiatric Research Institute in Fargo, N.D. Many bariatric surgery patients exhibited impaired performance on cognitive testing. Twelve weeks after surgery, cognitive tests showed that bariatric surgery patients demonstrated improved memory and concentration, improving from the slightly impaired range to the normal range. Researchers suggest that the improvement reflects a reduction of things such as high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea, health problems that often afflict obese people.